控制性爆破对航道桥区构筑物影响分析
朱 昀1,2,李 祥1,2

1.南京水利科学研究院,南京 210029;2.江苏科兴项目管理有限公司,南京 210029

控制性爆破;动力响应;数值模拟

Analysis of the Impact of Controlled Blasting on Structures in Waterway Bridge Areas
ZHU Yun1,2,LI Xiang1,2

1.Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China;2.Jiangsu Kexing Project Management Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210029, China

Controlled blasting; Dynamic response; Numerical simulation

DOI: 10.13512/j.hndz.2026.05.13

备注

研究了控制性爆破对航道桥区构筑物的影响。航道施工时,控制性爆破产生的振动对邻近桥梁下部构筑物的安全构成潜在威胁。以西南某航道工程为例,采用ANSYS和LS-DYNA仿真程序建立精细化三维有限元数值模型,分析了爆破振动对桥区下部构筑物的动力响应。研究结果表明:理论模型中的爆破振动曲线基本与现场监测数据一致,模拟结果具有可靠性和参考性。针对不同爆心距和不同分层爆破影响下的桥区构筑物动力响应特征,分层爆破时应关注首层爆破的动力响应。根据整个控制爆破区域不同点位爆破引起的桥区构筑物监测点最大振速,目前的爆破振动是安全的,但应严格控制爆破药量,同时监测爆破引起的局部边坡滑移对桥区构筑物的安全影响。
This paper studies the impact of controlled blasting on structures in waterway bridge areas. During water‐way construction, the vibrations generated by controlled blasting poses a potential threat to the safety of adjacent bridge substructures. Taking a waterway project in Southwest China as an example, this study uses ANSYS and LS-DYNA simulation software to establish a refined three-dimensional finite element numerical model for the analysis of the dynamic response of the substructure of the bridge area to blasting vibrations. The results indicate that the blasting vibration curve in the theoretical model is basically consistent with field monitoring data, demonstrating the reliability and reference value of the simulation results. Regarding the dynamic response characteristics of bridge structures under the influence of different blasting center distances and different layered blasting, attention should be paid to the dynamic response of the first layer blasting during layered blasting. Based on the maximum vibration velocities at monitoring points of the bridge structures caused by blasting at different points in the entire controlled blasting area, the current blasting vibrations are safe. However, the blasting charge should be strictly controlled, and the safety impact of local slope sliding caused by blasting on the bridge structures should be monitored.
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