昭通中心站量子重力仪观测的重力变化影响因素分析
彭登靖1，刘 东2，马 达1，李 旺1

1.云南省地震局昭通地震监测中心站，云南 昭通 657600;2.云南省地震局信息中心，昆明 650224

量子重力仪;白鹤滩水电站;小江断裂带北部

Analysis of Influencing Factors on Gravity Variations Observed by Quantum Gravimeter at Zhaotong Central Station
PENG Dengjing1，LIU Dong2，MA Da1，LI Wang1

1.Zhaotong Earthquake Monitoring Center Station, Yunnan Earthquake Agency, Zhaotong 657600, China;2.Information Center of Yunnan Earthquake Agency, Kunming 650224, China

Quantum absolute gravimeter; Baihetan Hydropower Station; Northern Xiaojiang Fault Zone

DOI: 10.13512/j.hndz.2026.05.06

备注

为探究昭通中心站重力变化的影响因素，基于2024年11月至2025年9月RAI-g型国产量子重力仪连续观测数据，通过去突跳、台阶等数据处理，依次扣除潮汐、气压、极移等干扰后，获取重力残差序列。在此基础上，结合GNSS、地下水、降雨等观测数据，量化对重力变化的贡献，并联合小江断裂带构造背景，探讨深部物质迁移的可能性。结果表明：地下土壤水含量变化对重力的贡献为4.21μGal，地壳垂直形变贡献为0.427μGal，降雨可能对重力变化产生间接影响；扣除各类干扰后，重力残差仍存在1~20μGal波动，重力残差与白鹤滩蓄水水位对比分析后二者之间没有明显的相关关系，量子绝对重力仪周边降雨对重力变化可能产生间接性影响。研究结果初步验证了国产量子重力仪具备微重力变化监测能力，可为区域构造活动研究提供数据支撑。
To explore the influencing factors of gravity changes at Zhaotong Central Station, this paper utilized continuous observation data from the domestically developed RAI-g type quantum gravimeter from November 2024 to September 2025. After eliminating data jumps and steps and sequentially subtracting interferences like tides, atmospheric pressure, and polar motion, a gravity residual sequence was obtained. Combined with observation data from GNSS, groundwater, and rainfall, the contributions to gravity changes were quantified. Furthermore, integrated with the tectonic setting of Xiaojiang Fault Zone, the possibility of deep material migration was explored. The results indicate that the contribution of underground soil moisture changes to gravity is 4.21 μGal, while the contribution of crustal vertical deformation is 0.427 μGal. Rainfall may indirectly affect gravity changes. After subtracting various interferences, the gravity residual still exhibits fluctuations 1-20 μGal. A comparative analysis between the gravity residual and the water level of Baihetan reservoir shows no significant correlation between the two. Rainfall around the quantum absolute gravimeter may indirectly affect gravity changes. The findings preliminarily verify that domestic quantum gravimeter are capable of monitoring microgravity variations, which can provide reliable data support for the study of regional tectonic activities.
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