既有中小学校框架结构抗震性能调研与评估
吴桂广，焦 柯，田 艺

广东省建筑设计研究院集团股份有限公司，广州 510010

既有中小学校建筑;框架结构;抗震性能;不规则结构;层次分析法

Investigation and Assessment on Seismic Performance of Frame Structures in Existing Primary and Secondary Schools
WU Guiguang，JIAO Ke，TIAN Yi

Guangdong Architectural Design and Research Institute Group Co.，Ltd.，Guangzhou 510010，China

Existing primary and secondary school buildings;Frame structure;Seismic performance;Irregular structure;Analytic hierarchy process

DOI: 10.13512/j.hndz.2026.03.15

备注

针对广东地区既有中小学校框架结构开展抗震性能调研与评估。基于2004年前建造的教学楼抗震措施偏低及历史震害表明的“弱柱强梁”、单跨框架、不规则结构等突出问题，校舍安全对人员密集的中小学校至关重要。为系统掌握该地区校舍抗震现状，并建立高效评估方法，通过统计108栋框架结构校舍信息，结合罕遇地震弹塑性分析，提炼出设防烈度、建造年代、单跨框架、规则性等8项关键性能指标，采用层次分析法构建权重系数，建立了快速评估模型，实现了对其抗震能力的快速评估。结果表明：广东中小学校舍以框架结构为主，其中23%为单跨框架，平面不规则结构比例高达68%；罕遇地震下结构层间位移角均满足规范限值，依据评估模型，约10%校舍属韧性建筑（性能a），70%属延性建筑（性能b），20%为易损建筑（性能c）。该评估方法实现了对校舍抗震能力的快速评估，并为为广东地区中小学校建筑的抗震加固与性能提升提供参考。
This paper conducts an investigation and assessment on the seismic performance of frame structures in existing primary and secondary schools in Guangdong region. Based on the low seismic measures of teaching build⁃ings constructed before 2004 and the prominent problems indicated by historical seismic damage，such as “weak columns and strong beams”，single-span frames，and irregular structures，the safety of school buildings is of vital importance for densely populated primary and secondary schools. To systematically grasp the seismic status of school buildings in this region and establish an efficient assessment method，eight key performance indicators such as fortification intensity，construction year，single-span frame and regularity were extracted by statistically analyz⁃ing the information of 108 frame-structured school buildings and combining with the elastic-plastic analysis of rare earthquakes. The Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）was used to construct the weight coefficients，and a rapid as⁃sessment model was established to achieve the rapid assessment of their seismic capacity. The results show that：The primary and secondary school buildings in Guangdong Province are mainly frame-structured， among which 23% are single-span frames，and the proportion of irregular plan structures is as high as 68%；under rare-earth⁃quakes，the inter-story drift angles of the structures all meet the code limits. According to the assessment model， approximately 10% of the school buildings are resilient buildings（performance a），70% are ductile buildings（per⁃formance b），and 20% are vulnerable buildings（performance c）. The assessment method proposed in this paper realizes the rapid assessment of the seismic capacity of school buildings and provides a reference for the seismic re⁃inforcement and performance improvement of primary and secondary school buildings in Guangdong region.
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