复杂地质背景下公路路基结构抗震能力影响因素与设计优化

江苏省地质局第一地质大队(江苏南京地质工程勘察院),南京 210041

复杂地质;公路路基结构;抗震能力

Influencing Factors of the Seismic Resistance and Design Optimization of Highway Subgrade Structures Under Complex Geological Conditions
TANG Xu,JIANG Yinjie,YOU Jiale,FANG Xin

The First Geological Brigade of Jiangsu Geological Bureau(Jiangsu Nanjing Geological Engineering Survey Institute), Nanjing 210041, China

Complex geology;Highway subgrade structure;Seismic resistance capacity

DOI: 10.13512/j.hndz.2026.02.14

备注

针对复杂地质环境下公路路基抗震性能弱化问题,研究开展多因素耦合作用机理与设计优化研究。基于土动力学理论建立典型地质工况(软土/液化土/近断层/高填方)路基动力响应模型,系统解析地质背景与结构参数对抗震能力的交互影响机制。研究表明:下卧层土体动力特性改变显著影响震陷变形幅度,液化夹层空间分布特征决定抗液化稳定性,断层位态差异引发非对称动力响应,路基几何形态与材料参数则主导永久变形发展模式。据此提出地质适配型优化技术体系:软土地基采用轻质填料、排水复合技术,液化地基实施桩网协同处置,高填方路堤构建阶梯式加筋结构。
To address the issue of weakened seismic performance of highway subgrade in complex geological envi⁃ronments,this study investigates the multi-factor coupling mechanism and design optimization. Based on the theory of soil dynamics,the dynamic response model of subgrade under typical geological conditions(soft soil/liquefied soil/near-fault/high fill)is established,and the interaction mechanism between geological background and struc⁃tural parameters on seismic capacity is systematically analyzed. The results show that the change of the dynamic characteristics of the underlying soil significantly affects the amplitude of the seismic subsidence deformation. The spatial distribution characteristics of the liquefied interlayer determine the anti-liquefaction stability. The difference of the fault position causes the asymmetric dynamic response. The geometric shape and material parameters of the subgrade dominate the development mode of permanent deformation. Based on this,a geologically adaptive optimi⁃zation technology system is proposed:lightweight fill materials and drainage composite technology are used for soft soil foundations, pile-grid collaborative disposal is implemented for liquefaction-prone foundations, and stepped reinforced structures are constructed for high-fill embankments.
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