宁蒗5.5级地震震中民族自建房震害调查与总结分析
叶 阳1,2杨健强1,2周 洋3明小娜1,2王 杰1,2高 扬1

1.云南省地震局,昆明 650224;2.中国地震局昆明地震预报研究所,昆明 650224;3.德宏州防震减灾局,云南 芒市 678400

少数民族;自建房;结构;抗震能力

Earthquake Damage Investigation and Analysis on Self-Built Houses of Ethnic Minorities Subjected to Ninglang MS5.5 Earthquake
YE Yang1,2,YANG Jianqiang1,2,ZHOU Yang3,MING Xiaona1,2,WANG Jie1,2,GAO Yang1

1.Yunnan Earthquake Agency, Kunming 650224, China;2.Kunming Institute of Prediction , China Earthquake Administration, Kunming 650224, China;3.Dehong Earthquake Agency , Mangshi 678400, China

Ethnic minority;Self-built house;Structure;Seismic capability

DOI: 10.13512/j.hndz.2025.01.11

备注

2022年1月2日,云南省丽江市宁蒗彝族自治县发生5.5级地震,受灾地区存在大量少数民族聚落,这些聚落建筑多为居民自建,抗震能力参差不齐,受灾尤其严重。永宁镇位于此次地震震中,根据震后应急评估数据统计,标记为暂停使用及无法使用的房屋超过60%。该地区的少数民族建筑工艺、结构缺乏详细资料,但近年来形成了一个相对固定的布局及建筑风格,通过对地震现场受损的民族自建房的震害现象实地调查,并对产生这些震害的原因进行分析,发现此次地震民族自建房受损较为严重的主要因素是房屋的施工工艺存在缺陷,对地震现场可有效提供受灾地区抗震加固、恢复重建的思路,减少未来该地区内地震造成的损坏。此文主要以震中所在,也是建筑物受损最严重的永宁镇所调查的资料,从结构及施工的角度对建筑震害进行分析。
On January 2,2022,a MS5.5 earthquake occurred in Ninglang Yi Autonomous County,Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, with many houses of ethnic minorities settled here. These houses were mostly self-built, with uneven seismic capability, thus being damaged badly. Yongning Town was the epicenter of the earthquake, according to the emergency evaluation statistics, more than 60% of the houses were marked as temporarily suspended or unusable. These houses of ethnic minorities in this area lacked detailed information on construction technology and structure,but a relatively fixed layout and building style were formed in recent years. Based on the field survey and analysis of the damaged self-build house of the local minorities,the reason why these house were badly damsged is that the local self-build house exist construction defects, the advice for rebuilding and reinforcement can be offered to reduce economic losses in the future. This article targets the epicenter, the most damaged Yongning Town, analyzing the seismic damages of these houses from the aspects of structure and construction.
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