华南地震

为研究降雨入渗作用下含软弱夹层边坡稳定性问题，减少滑坡灾害的发生，以实际边坡工程为例，采用有限差分软件建立了三维边坡数值模型，分析了含软弱夹层边坡土体的孔隙水压力、位移场、塑性区、速度场和最大剪应变增量场变化规律，并探究了软弱夹层厚度对边坡稳定性的影响。结果表明：持续性降雨使得软弱夹层处出现贯通连续的剪切塑性区，同时剪切塑性区随着降雨时间增加扩大；随着降雨时间的增加，软弱夹层的位移、孔隙水压力、最大剪应变增量以及滑移速度增大，应力与强度比减小；长时间的降雨使得含软弱夹层边坡沿着软弱夹层所处的潜在滑移面进行滑移，边坡的失稳变形破坏主要由软弱夹层变化所引起，并且变形随降雨时间的增加而加剧；软弱夹层的存在会对夹层上下界面的孔隙水压力大小产生影响，孔隙水压力自坡面向软弱夹层方向逐渐增大；降雨时间的增加和软弱夹层的存在都会降低边坡的稳定性，在降雨条件相同时，边坡的安全系数随软弱夹层厚度的增大而下降。

In order to study the stability of slopes with weak interlayer under rainfall infiltration effect and reduce the occurrence of landslide disasters， an actual slope project was taken as an example， and the finite difference software was used to establish a three-dimensional slope numerical model. The pore water pressure，displacement field， plastic zone， velocity field， and the maximum shear strain increment field of the slopes with weaker interlayer were analyzed，and the influence of the thickness of weak interlayer on slope stability was studied. The results show that continuous rainfall makes a through and continuous shear plastic zone appear at the weak interlayer. At the same time，the shear plastic zone expands with the increase in rainfall time. With the increase in rainfall time，the displacement，pore water pressure，the maximum shear strain increment，and the slip velocity of the weak interlayer increase， and the ratio of stress to strength decreases. The prolonged rainfall makes the slopes with weak interlayer slip along the potential slip surface of the weak interlayer. The destabilizing deformation of the slopes is mainly caused by the change of the weak interlayer， and the deformation is intensified with the increase in rainfall time. The existence of the weak interlayer affects the pore water pressure at the interface between the upper and lower weak interlayer， and the pore water pressure gradually increases from the slope towards the direction of the weak interlayer. The increase in rainfall time and the existence of the weak interlayer both reduce the stability of the slopes. When the rainfall conditions are the same，the safety factor of the slopes decreases with the increase in the thickness of the weak interlayer

引言
1 含软弱夹层边坡降雨模型
2 边坡稳定性分析
3 结论

图1 含软弱夹层边坡剖面图Fig.1 Slope profile with weak interlayer

表1 土的物理力学及水理参数Table 1 Physical-mechanical and hydrological parameters of soil

图2 监测点位布置图Fig.2 Layout of monitoring points

图3 边坡监测点孔隙水压力变化图Fig.3 Variation of pore water pressure at slope monitoring points

图4 软弱夹层在4点方向孔隙水压力变化图Fig.4 Variation of pore water pressure in weak interlayer at monitoring point 4

图5 降雨2h边坡最大剪应变增量云图Fig.5 Cloud map of the maximum shear strain increment of the slope under two hours of rainfall

图6 不同降雨时长最大剪应变增量图Fig.6 Maximum shear strain increment under different rainfall durations

图7 不同降雨时长边坡最大速度图Fig.7 Maximum velocity of slope under different rainfall durations

图8 降雨6h边坡塑性区云图Fig.8 Cloud map of slope plastic zone under six hours of rainfall

图9 降雨6h软弱夹层塑性区云图Fig.9 Cloud map of plastic zone with weak interlayer under six hours of rainfall

图10 不同夹层厚度边坡安全系数变化图Fig.10 Variation of safety factor of slope under different thicknesses of waek interlayer

图11 无软弱夹层边坡安全系数变化图Fig.11 Variation of safety factor of slope without weak interlayer

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备注

引言

1 含软弱夹层边坡降雨模型

2 边坡稳定性分析

3 结论

期刊信息