云南开远井和思茅大寨井水位同震响应动态差异分析

云南省地震局,昆明 650224

开远井和思茅大寨井;同震响应动态;应力应变环境

Analysis of the Dynamic Differennce of Coseismic Response of Water Level Between Kaiyuan Well and Simao Dazhai Well in Yunnan
MAO Weiying

Yunnan Earthquake Agency , Kunming 650224, China

Kaiyuan well and Simao Dazhai well;Coseismic response dynamic;Stress-strain field.

DOI: 10.13512/j.hndz.2023.04.07

备注

云南开远井和思茅大寨井分别位于滇东南褶皱带、滇西南的兰坪—思茅褶皱带,其中滇东南褶皱带地壳基底稳定、地震活动性较弱、区域构造应力场方向为南东东。兰坪—思茅褶皱带在地质时期构造活动一直十分强烈、历史上6级多地震频繁发生、区域构造应力场方向为南东。通过水位观测数据分析,开远井和思茅大寨井均有明显的同震响应现象,同震响应均表现为阶变,但他们的同震响应动态差异明显,其中开远井同震阶变次数和阶变幅度明显低于思茅大寨井,主要为阶变下降。而思茅大寨井均为阶变上升。井孔所在地区应力应变环境差异是导致井水位同震响应动态差异的原因,震源机制和GPS观测结果显示,思茅大寨井所在地区构造应力为挤压,开远井地区则处于拉张。地震时地震波使一直处于挤压状态下的思茅大寨井含水层发生孔隙挤压,含水层发生同震收缩,导致井水位发生一致的阶变上升。地震使一直处于张应力环境的开远井含水层发生同震膨胀,导致井水位主要表现为阶变下降。由构造活动和地震活动水平反映出的构造应力强度差异可能是开远井和思茅大寨井同震阶变次数和幅度差异的原因之一。
The Kaiyuan well and Simao Dazhai well are located in the Southeastern Yunnan folded belt and Lanping-Simao folded belt in Southwestern Yunnan. In the Southeastern Yunnan folded belt,the crust basement is stable, the seismicity is weak, and the direction of regional tectonic stress field is SEE. The tectonic activity of Lanping-Simao folded belt has been very strong in geological era, with multiple earthquakes of magnitude 6 occurring frequently in history and the direction of regional tectonic stress field is southeast. Through the analysis of water level observation data, it is found that both Kaiyuan well and Simao Dazhai well have obvious coseismic response phenomenon, and both coseismic responses show step changes with obvious dynamic differences. The frequency and amplitude of coseismic step changes of Kaiyuan well is obviously lower than that of Simao Dazhai well. Most of the coseismic response of Kaiyuan well are step drop, and all of the coseismic response of Simao Dazhai Well are step rise. The difference of stress-strain environment in the area where the wells are located is the reason for the dynamic difference of coseismic response of well water level. Focal mechanism and GPS observation results show that the tectonic stresses in the areas where Simao Dazhai well and Kaiyuan well are located are compression and tension respectively. During the earthquake, the seismic wave caused the pore squeezing of the aquifer in the Simao Dazhai well, which has been in the squeezing state, and the aquifer was coseismic contracted, resulting in a consistent step rise of the well water level. The earthquake caused the coseismic expansion of the aquifer in the Kaiyuan well, which has been in a tensile stress environment, resulting in a step drop of the well water level. The intensity difference of tectonic stress reflected by the level of tectonic activity and seismic activity may be one of the reasons for the difference in the frequency and amplitude of coseismic step changes between Kaiyuan well and Simao Dazhai well.
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