The seismic performance of the steel frame of residential buildings after corrosion has attracted attention. In order to analyze the influence of corrosion on the steel frame of residential buildings, the seismic performance of the steel frame of residential buildings was tested and analyzed on the basis of the ultimate bearing capacity model. To make the steel structure specimens of residential buildings,the paper set the axial compression ratio, steel specifications and steel strength, formulated the corrosion degree, and determined the cross-section size of the specimens. The accelerated corrosion of the test blocks was carried out manually, and the test blocks with various corrosion degrees were obtained. Then the ultimate bearing capacity of the test blocks was tested and the corresponding model was obtained. Finally, the vibration simulation parameters were calculated according to the model,and the seismic results of the test blocks with various corrosion degrees were obtained. The results show that the hysteretic curves of the uncorroded specimens shows a full bow shape,with higher energy consumption and stronger seismic performance. Compared with the specimens with different corrosion degrees,the linear change of hysteresis curve before yield is more obvious, the lateral stiffness is stable, and the elasticity is strong. After yielding,the ultimate bearing capacity remains at a constant state,the stiffness value after yielding can be taken as 0, the ductility coefficient increases, and the ductility is better. The indexes of mild corrosion and moderate corrosion specimens decrease,but both are within the allowable range of the standard.