海洋高分辨率单道地震资料精细处理及应用研究
刘玉萍1,2张浩浩1,2张宝金1,2顾 元1,2

1.自然资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室,中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局,广州511458;2.天然气水合物勘查开发国家工程研究中心,广州511458

单道地震;信噪比;海砂;断裂带

Research on Fine Processing and Application of Marine High Resolution Single Channel Seismic Data
LIU Yuping1,2,ZHANG Haohao1,2,ZHANG Baojin1,2,GU Yuan1,2

1.Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources , Ministry of Natural Resources , Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey , Guangzhou 511458, China;2.National Engineering Research Center for Gas Hydrate Exploration and Development , Guangzhou 511458, China

Single-channel seismic;Signal-to-noise ratio;Marine sand;Fault zone

DOI: 10.13512/j.hndz.2023.01.15

备注

单道地震因效率高、分辨率高、成本低等优点广泛应用于海砂资源调查和滨海断裂带研究,但由于室内处理技术限制往往成果剖面不能满足解释需求。通过系统剖析了单道地震处理的三项主要难点:信噪比低、同相轴抖动、有效信号弱。研究了三项实用针对性处理技术(自适应反馈保真去噪、涌浪静校正、包络AGC),有效提升成果剖面的品质,并将该技术应用于海砂资源调查和滨海断裂带研究。海砂资源调查成果数据能精细识别出砂层空间刻画分布范围,滨海断裂带研究精细处理数据的主要大断裂及局部细小断层特征显著,满足断裂活动研究的解释需求。
Single-channel seismic is widely used in the investigation of marine sand resources and coastal fault zone research due to its high efficiency, high resolution and low cost. However, the result profile often cannot meet the interpretation requirements due to the limitation of indoor processing technology. In this paper, three main difficulties of single-channel seismic processing are analyzed systematically: low signal-to-noise ratio, event jitter and weak reflected signal. Three practical and targeted processing techniques(adaptive feedback fidelity denoising, swell static correction and envelope amplitude gain control)were studied to effectively improve the quality of the result profile, and the technology was applied to the investigation of marine sand resources and the study of coastal fault zone. The survey data of marine sand resources can accurately identify the spatial distribution range of sand layers. The characteristics of major large faults and local small faults in the high precision processing data of coastal fault zone research are significant,which can meet the interpretation requirements of fault activity research.
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