1.Earthquake Agency of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region , Nanning 530022, China;2.The Second Monitoring Application Center of China Earthquake Administration , Xi′an 710054, China
Since 2013, there have been several moderate-strong earthquakes in South China, such as Xianyou MS4.8 earthquake in Fujian on September 4th, 2013, Nandan MS4.0 earthquake in Guangxi on July 15th, 2017, Yangxi ML4.2 earthquake in Guangdong on March 20th,2018, Leizhou ML4.1 earthquake in Guangdong on March 5th, 2019, Sanya MS4.2 earthquake in Hainan on August 20th, 2019, Beiliu MS5.2 earthquake in Guangxi on October 12th,2019,Jingxi MS5.2 earthquake in Guangxi on November 25th,2019 and Debao MS4.8 earthquake in Guangxi on August 4th,2021. This paper systematically sorts out the characteristics of mobile gravity changes at different temporal and spatial scales before the above moderate and strong earthquakes,summarizes and refines the relationship between earthquake preparation and the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of gravity variation anomalies, and analyzes the quantitative basis of "time, space and strength" for earthquake prediction using mobile gravity seismic observation data. The results show that: There are local gravity field changes before many M4 and M5 earthquakes in South China,and earthquakes are easy to occur in the center of the four quadrants of gravity change related to tectonic activities or near the high gradient zone of the transition between positive and negative anomaly areas. The time-varying distance and magnitude analysis of gravity changes before M4 and M5 earthquakes in South China show that: When the magnitude is 4,the anomaly range of gravity changes is about 100 km,and the anomaly magnitude of the gravity changes is about 40µGal;when the magnitude is 5,the anomaly range of gravity changes is about 150 km, and the anomaly magnitude of the gravity change is about 50µGal. At present, the re-measurement cycles of the mobile gravity observations are usually 1-2 periods/year and the evolution process of the gravity field before the earthquake is not be tracked in detail, so that mobile gravity monitoring is often used for the mid-term earthquake prediction.