Using the modulation ratio scanning method,this paper conducts a retrospective study on the full time and space characteristics of the modulation ratio of small earthquakes before the moderate-strong earthquakes with M≥5 in the South China coastal seismic zone from 1970 to 2019,and analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution of the modulation ratio before the regional moderate-strong earthquakes. The results show that the abnormal high value of the modulation ratio has a certain indication significance for the moderate and strong earthquakes in the South China coastal seismic zone: When the modulation ratio is greater than 0.59 and lasts for 2 months, it is regarded as an anomaly;the spatial scale of the anomaly with high value is greater than 15 000 km2,and moderate and strong earthquakes generally occur 2-15 months after the anomaly begins or 1-10 months after the anomaly disappears;the epicenter is mostly in the anomaly area and the surrounding area within 120 km;there is no strict correlation between the magnitude and the time and space characteristics of the modulation ratio evolution. The predictive efficacy evaluation R=0.50, R0=0.27. Through the backtracking of earthquake cases, the anomaly of modulation ratio can be used as an auxiliary means to judge the time and location of moderate and strong earthquakes in the future.
图1 1970—2019年华南沿海地震带5级以上中强震空间分布Fig.1 Spatial distribution of moderate and strong earthquakes with M≥5 in the South China coastal seismic belt from 1970 to 2019
图2 2018年11月26日台湾海峡6.2级地震前固体潮调制比时空演化过程Fig.2 The temporal and spatial evolution of the solid tidal modulation ratio before the Taiwan Strait M6.2 earthquake on November 26th,2018
图3 2018年11月26日台湾海峡6.2级地震前小震调制比时间扫描结果Fig.3 Time scan results of the small earthquake modulation ratio before the Taiwan Strait M6.2 earthquake on November 26th,2018
图4 2019年10月12日广西北流5.2地震前固体潮调制比时空演化过程Fig.4 The temporal and spatial evolution of the solid tidal modulation ratio before the Beiliu M5.2 earthquake on October 12th,2019
图5 2019年10月12日广西北流5.2地震前小震调制比时间扫描结果Fig.5 Time scan results of the small earthquake modulation ratio before the Beiliu M5.2 earthquake on October 12th,2019
表1 1970—2019年东南沿海地震带5级以上地震调制比统计Table 1 Statistics of the modulation ratio of earthquakes with M≥5 in the southeastern coastal seismic belt from 1970 to 2019