Before a strong earthquake,the focal region is in an unstable state,and the tide-generating force may trigger the occurrence of small and medium earthquakes in the focal region, thus leading to the anomaly of the modulation ratio of small earthquakes. Using the lunar calendar to calculate the modulation Coefficients, the spatial and temporal characteristics of synodic modulation, the upper and lower chord modulation, and the non-modulated strong earthquakes are analyzed. the modulation properties of strong earthquakes in the Sichuan-Yunnan Boundary Region, the Arguin-West Kunlun region, and the Anhui-Jiangsu-South Yellow Sea region are highly consistent. And the modulation properties of some structural regions also have a certain consistency in some time periods. According to statistics, there have been 17 earthquakes with M≥7 in Chinese mainland since 1975, of which 8 earthquakes showed a consistent increase in the modulation properties of small and medium earthquakes around the epicenter three months before the earthquake. This phenomenon is of significance to the short-term and imminent prediction of strong earthquakes
图5 海城、汶川地震前震中区中小地震调制性质分布Fig.5 Distribution of modulating properties of small and moderate earthquakes in the epicentral region before the Haicheng and Wenchuan earthquakes
图6 部分7级以上地震震前3级地震同性质调制比随时间变化Fig.6 Time variation of the same property modulation ratio of earthquakes with M≥3 before some earthquakes with M≥7