南北地震带北段地壳结构基本特征——来自兰州—惠安堡—榆林人工地震剖面的约束

中国地震局地球物理勘探中心,郑州 450002

南北地震带北段;人工地震测深;一维地壳模型;地壳结构特征

Basic Characteristics of Crustal Structure in the North Section of the North-South Seismic Belt—Constraints from Lanzhou-Huianbao-Yulin Artificial Seismic Section
SUN Yinan,WANG Liang,CHENG Guoliang

Geophysical Explorationce Center , China Earthquake Administration , Zhengzhou 450002, China

Northern segment of North-South Seismic Belt; Artificial seismic sounding; 1-D crustal model;Characteristics of crustal structure

DOI: 10.13512/j.hndz.2022.03.02

备注

利用在南北地震带北段横跨鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘、银川地堑南缘缘弧形构造带、祁连块体布设的一条长度660km的高分辨地震宽角反射/折射探测剖面,根据获得的P波震相走时,利用多种一维计算方法获得了该区的地壳基本速度结构模型。结果显示:剖面所经区域的地壳速度结构和壳内界面分层都显示出较大的差异,鄂尔多斯块体浅部具有较厚的沉积层覆盖,同时具有相对平缓的速度等值线和不同深度界面,显示稳定地壳特征。祁连块体及与鄂尔多斯块体耦合区域壳内界面和速度等值线均显示出较大的起伏变化特征,特别是在C1和C2界面之间速度呈现负异常跳跃特征。区域地壳厚度变化较为规律,总体呈现自西向东逐渐减薄的特征,各个块体又具有各自的地壳厚度特征,祁连块体边界区域断裂纵横交错,构造复杂。本剖面研究结果对理解该区域地壳基本结构、物性差异、构造异常区的分布特征以及讨论何种构造背景较易孕育形成地震都具有重要意义。同时也为认识南北地震带北段构造薄弱带或活动构造带的深、浅构造特征提供了依据。
Using a high-resolution seismic wide-angle reflection/refraction detection profile with a length of 660 km across the southwest margin of Ordos Basin, the arc-shaped structural belt on the southern margin of Yinchuan graben and Qilian block in the northern segment of the North-South Seismic Belt,according to the obtained P wave seismic phase travel time,the basic crustal velocity structure model of this area is obtained by using several one-dimensional calculation methods. The results show that the crustal velocity structure and the inter-crustal interface stratification in the area passed by the profile show great differences, and the shallow part of the Ordos block is covered by thick sedimentary layer,and has relatively gentle velocity contours and interfaces with different depths, showing stable crustal characteristics. The inter-crustal interface and velocity contours of the Qilian block and the coupling area with the Ordos block show large fluctuation characteristics,especially the negative anomaly jumping characteristics of the velocity between the C1 and C2 interfaces. The regional crustal thickness changes relatively regularly,generally showing the characteristics of gradually thinning from west to east,and each block has its own crustal thickness characteristics. The faults in the boundary area of the Qilian block are crisscrossed and the structure is complex. The research results of this section has great significance to the understanding of the basic structure of the crust, the difference of physical properties, the distribution characteristics of structural anomaly areas and discussing which tectonic background is more likely to form earthquakes. It also provides a basis for understanding the deep and shallow structural characteristics of the weak structural zone or active structural zone in the northern segment of the North-South seismic belt.
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