基于无人机摄影测量技术研究有无地面控制点的差异性在地震方面的应用

(宁夏回族自治区地震局,银川 750001)

无人机;摄影测量技术;控制点;差异性;地震

Research on the Application of the Difference with or without Ground Control Points in Earthquake Based on UAV Photogrammetry Technology
LIU Chao,DU Peng,WANG Yin,YU Sihan,YANG Shun

(Earthquake Agency of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan 750001,China)

UAV;Photogrammetry technology;GCP;Difference;Earthquake

DOI: 10.13512/j.hndz.2021.01.12

备注

利用无人机摄影测量技术获取影像数据,在集成SfM算法的Photoscan软件上进行影像的处理,通过定量分析有无地面控制点生成的DEM精度,进一步明确了其在水平位置和垂直高程上的差异;对比两种情况下在数据获取、处理过程和结果精度的优缺点,探讨了两者在地震不同方面的应用前景。结果 表明:在无控制点的情况下,影像数据获取简易,处理时间较短,处理结果水平位置(XY)误差<2.00 m,垂直高程(Z)绝对值误差超过了100.00 m但在局部范围内的相对高程值误差<0.5 m,适用于地震应急现场无人机震后影像的快速获取、处理和分析;在有控制点的情况下,影像数据获取复杂、处理时间较长,但处理结果精度高,水平位置和垂直高程误差均<5 cm,适用于活动构造的定量研究和微地貌的精细解译及定量分析,可见有无地面控制点在地震不同方面具有良好的发展前景。

The paper uses unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)photogrammetry technology to obtain image data,performs image processing on Photoscan software integrated with Structure from Motion(SfM)algorithm,and quantifies the accuracy of DEM generated with or without ground control points to further clarify the difference in horizontal position and vertical elevation;then,the paper compares the advantages and disadvantages in data acquisition,processing and result accuracy in the two cases,and discusses the application prospects of the two in different aspects of earthquakes.The results indicate that without control points,the image data is easy to obtain,the processing time is short,the horizontal position(XY)error of the processing result is less than 2.00 m,and the absolute value error of vertical elevation(Z)is over 100.00 m,however,the relative elevation value error in a local area is less than 0.5 m,which is suitable for rapid acquisition,processing and analysis of UAV post-earthquake images in earthquake emergency sites. In the case of control points,the image data acquisition is complicated and the processing time is long,but the processing results has highly accurate,and the errors of the horizontal position and vertical elevation are both less than 0.5 m,which is suitable for quantitative research of active structures and fine interpretation and quantitative analysis of micro-topography. It can be seen that the situation with or without GCP control points has good development prospects in different aspects of earthquakes.