华南地震

南海南部盆地地质条件复杂,崎岖地层发育。老地震资料受早期采集装备和处理技术落后的影响 ,地震资料中深层成像无法满足油气预测和目标评价的需求。通过在老资料地质环境和采集方式的基础上总结了其特征,包括导航信息不全面､采集参数参差不齐且部分采集信息未知､覆盖次数低､多次波复杂､中深层成像困难等。同时 ,针对老地震资料特征,采用自适应鬼波压制､复杂多次波衰减､子波一致性处理等系列针对性处理技术。新处理成果剖面证明 ,地震剖面从浅至深成像质量得到了显著改善 ,为后续油气资源勘探提供了高品质的数据保证。

The geological conditions of the southern South China Sea Basin are complex and rugged strata are well developed. The old seismic data are affected by the backwardness of the acquisition equipment and processing technology,and the mid-depth imaging of seismic data can not meet the needs of oil and gas prediction and target evaluation. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the old data on the basis of their geological environment and acquisition methods,including incomplete navigation information,different acquisition parameters and indeterminate part of the acquisition information,low coverage times,complex multiple waves,and difficulty in mid-depth imaging. At the same time,according to the characteristics of old seismic data,a series of processing techniques are adopted,such as adaptive ghost wave suppression,complex multiple wave attenuation,wavelet consistent processing, etc. The new processing results show that the imaging quality of seismic profile has been improved significantly, which provides high quality data guarantee for oil and gas resource exploration.

引言
1 老资料特点及处理的重难点
2 处理对策及应用效果
3 结语

表1 老地震资料采集参数统计表<br/>Table 1 The statistical table of old seismic data acquisition parameters

表1 老地震资料采集参数统计表
Table 1 The statistical table of old seismic data acquisition parameters

图1 测线1(a)和测线4(b)数字化的导航文件<br/>Fig.1 Digital navigation files of line 1 and line 4

图1 测线1(a)和测线4(b)数字化的导航文件
Fig.1 Digital navigation files of line 1 and line 4

图2 测线6标准P190格式导航文件<br/>Fig.2 Navigation file with standard P190 for line 6

图2 测线6标准P190格式导航文件
Fig.2 Navigation file with standard P190 for line 6

图3 测线5原始叠加剖面
Fig.3 The original stack profile of line 5

图4 测线1(a)和测线4(b)速度分析界面<br/>Fig.4 Velocity analysis interface of line 1 and line 4

图4 测线1(a)和测线4(b)速度分析界面
Fig.4 Velocity analysis interface of line 1 and line 4

图5 测线3发育强能量多次波的炮集<br/>Fig.5 The shot gather of line 3 developed multiple waves with strong energy

图5 测线3发育强能量多次波的炮集
Fig.5 The shot gather of line 3 developed multiple waves with strong energy

图6 测线6崎岖海底多次波的原始炮集<br/>Fig.6 The original shot gather of line 6 developed multiple waves in rugged water bottom

图6 测线6崎岖海底多次波的原始炮集
Fig.6 The original shot gather of line 6 developed multiple waves in rugged water bottom

图7 测线6的初叠加剖面
Fig.7 The original stack profile of line 6

图8 二维水平拖揽鬼波传播示意图<br/>Fig.8 Ghost wave propagation diagram with the 2D horizontal cable

图8 二维水平拖揽鬼波传播示意图
Fig.8 Ghost wave propagation diagram with the 2D horizontal cable

图9 测线 4鬼波压制前后炮集及频谱对比<br/>Fig.9 The comparison of shot gather and spectrum before and after ghost wave suppression of line 4

图9 测线 4鬼波压制前后炮集及频谱对比
Fig.9 The comparison of shot gather and spectrum before and after ghost wave suppression of line 4

图10 测线 4鬼波压制前后叠加效果对比<br/>Fig.10 The effect comparison of line 4 before and after ghost wave suppression

图10 测线 4鬼波压制前后叠加效果对比
Fig.10 The effect comparison of line 4 before and after ghost wave suppression

图11 多步串联组合压制多次波流程图<br/>Fig.11 The flowchart of multi-step series combined suppression multiple-waves

图11 多步串联组合压制多次波流程图
Fig.11 The flowchart of multi-step series combined suppression multiple-waves

图12 测线2多步串联压制多次波的单炮效果图<br/>Fig.12 The shot gather effect of multi-step series suppression multiple waves of line 2

图12 测线2多步串联压制多次波的单炮效果图
Fig.12 The shot gather effect of multi-step series suppression multiple waves of line 2

图13 测线2SRME压制多次波的叠加效果图<br/>Fig.13 The stack effect of SRME suppression multiple waves of line 2

图13 测线2SRME压制多次波的叠加效果图
Fig.13 The stack effect of SRME suppression multiple waves of line 2

图14 测线6DENOISE处理前后叠加和偏移的效果对比<br/>Fig.14 The DENOISE processing effect before and after stack and migration of line 6

图14 测线6DENOISE处理前后叠加和偏移的效果对比
Fig.14 The DENOISE processing effect before and after stack and migration of line 6

图15 测线1去气泡前后的叠加剖面及子波
Fig.15 The stack profile and wavelet of line 1 before and after de-bubble

图16 六条测线子波一致性处理前后的子波<br/>Fig.16 The wavelets of six lines before and after wavelet consistency processing

图16 六条测线子波一致性处理前后的子波
Fig.16 The wavelets of six lines before and after wavelet consistency processing

图17 测线6子波一致性处理前后的叠加剖面
Fig.17 The stack profile of line 6 before and after wavelet consistency processing

图18 测线3新成果剖面与旧成果剖面的效果对比图
Fig.18 The effect comparison between the new profile and the old profile of line 3

图19 测线2与测线6交点闭合情况<br/>Fig.19 The closure of intersection point of line 2 and line 6

图19 测线2与测线6交点闭合情况
Fig.19 The closure of intersection point of line 2 and line 6

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备注

引言

1 老资料特点及处理的重难点

2 处理对策及应用效果

3 结语

期刊信息